In this study from 2012, researchers look at how mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), found in various tissues like bone marrow, fat, and umbilical cords, can be used to create insulin-producing cells for treating diabetes. While MSCs aren’t naturally linked to the pancreas, their ease of collection and lower risk of forming tumors make them a focus for diabetes research. Scientists are exploring ways to guide MSCs into becoming insulin-producing β-cells using chemical methods, though there’s no standard protocol yet. The study also investigates whether MSCs from the pancreas might be better suited for this purpose, though results so far are inconclusive. Overall, MSCs show potential, but more work is needed to ensure they can safely and effectively produce insulin.