Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated for their therapeutic potential in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but the mechanisms underlying their effects remain an area of active study.
A study examines whether MSC-derived exosomes, particularly those containing miR-25, can modulate the immune response in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) by affecting T-cell migration.
The researchers found that miR-25 is highly expressed in MSC-derived exosomes and associated with signaling pathways involved in cell migration. To investigate its role, an in vitro assay was conducted in which a synthetic miR-25 mimic was transfected into activated T cells. Results showed that miR-25 effectively reduced the expression of CXCR3, a receptor involved in T-cell migration.
In an in vivo T1DM mouse model, MSC-treated mice exhibited increased miR-25 levels and a corresponding decrease in the number of T cells in the pancreas. These observations suggest that MSC-derived exosomal miR-25 may contribute to reducing pancreatic inflammation by limiting T-cell infiltration through the repression of CXCR3 expression.
These findings offer insight into how MSCs may exert immunomodulatory effects in diabetes treatment.
