In a study led by researchers at the University of Copenhagen, scientists have found that a simple dietary adjustment in the lab can dramatically enhance the function of embryonic stem cells. By switching the sugar in the cell culture from glucose to galactose, the team forced the cells to rely on oxidative phosphorylation—a more efficient metabolic pathway.
This change in metabolism reprogrammed the cells to behave more like younger, highly adaptable versions of themselves. These newly enhanced “super stem cells” demonstrated improved performance in several key areas: they resisted culture-related aging, maintained health over time, and showed a greater ability to differentiate into specialized cells like those found in the liver, nerves, and skin.
Beyond regenerative potential, the findings may have implications for fertility research. The super stem cells were particularly effective at developing tissues related to yolk sac formation, which plays a vital role in early embryo development. Researchers suggest this could improve implantation success rates in IVF treatments.
At the molecular level, the dietary change seems to affect how the cells process genetic information. By fine-tuning gene expression and reducing cellular “noise,” the cells become more efficient in executing their biological functions.
It presents a noteworthy approach: a minimal intervention that could yield significant advances in stem cell research and regenerative medicine.
