A medical milestone was achieved at SCB Medical College Hospital (SCBMCH), Cuttack, where a four-year-old girl donated her stem cells to her younger sister, who was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This procedure marks the first-ever allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) on such a young donor in Odisha and highlights the expanding capabilities of pediatric hematology in India.
The patient, two-year-old Aliza Naaz from Jharkhand, was initially treated with chemotherapy at Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Jamshedpur, in July 2024. However, post-treatment evaluations indicated persistent disease, upgrading her case to high-risk AML. Doctors determined that an allogeneic BMT was the best option for long-term recovery. Testing at TMH confirmed a 100% human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match with her four-year-old sister, Aatifa.
Due to financial conditions, the family could not afford the estimated ₹30 lakh cost of treatment at a private hospital. As a result, the case was referred to SCBMCH, which provides BMT procedures free of charge. Under the guidance of Dr. Sudha Sethy, Head of Clinical Hematology, and Professor R.K. Jena, a specialized team prepared for the transplant.
Given the young age of the donor, the stem cell collection process was particularly challenging. The procedure required a precise approach, including matching the donor’s blood group for aphaeresis priming to accommodate the low blood volume. On February 6, stem cell collection was successfully completed, followed by the transplant on February 7. Post-procedure monitoring showed stable recovery, with doctors managing chemotherapy-induced mucositis and infections through supportive care.
According to Prof. Jena, this BMT offers a vital treatment pathway for children suffering from blood-related disorders such as thalassemia, sickle cell disease, aplastic anemia, and various leukemias.
This case supports the importance of expanding BMT capabilities and improving accessibility for families facing life-threatening blood disorders.
